uspected Peter，but he turned out to be innocent．
大家都怀疑彼得，但结果证明他是无罪的。
但在口语中常见到非限定性关系从句出现在句中较后的位置，即在主要动词的宾语之后或介词+名词之后：
She wanted Tom，whom she liked，as a partner；but she got Jack，whom she didn’t like.
她想要她所喜欢的汤姆作为伴侣，可是却得到了她所不喜欢的杰克。
She introduced me to her husband，whom I hadn’t met before．
她把我介绍给她丈夫，我以前没见过他。
C 介词的宾语
用whom。
这个代词在句中不能省略，介词常常位于它之前：
Mr Jones，for whom I was working，was very generous about overtime payments．
琼斯先生，我当时给干活的那位，常是很慷慨地付给加班加点的报酬。
然而把介词移到从句之后也是可以的。这在口语中是非常普
遍的，此时who往往取代whom：
Mr Jones，who/whom I was working for，…
如果从句中含有一个表示时间或地点的短语，该短语要留在
从句之末：
Peter，with whom I played tennis on Sundays，was fitter than me．
彼得，星期天我常跟打网球的那位，身体比我健康。
这个句子可改为：
Peter，who/whom I played tennis with on Sundays，was fitter than me．
D 所有格
用 whose。
Ann，whose children are at school all day，is trying to get a job．
安的孩子们整天都在学校，所以她在想办法找份工作。
This is George，whose class you will be taking
这一位是乔治，你就要接他的课。
在口语中，很可能这么说：
Ann’s children are at school all day，so she…
This is George．You will be taking his class．
?
[Amber demo]
80 all，both，few，most，several，some
等+of＋whom/which
?
这种形式可以用于指人，也可用于指事物。见以下例句。括号中给出的是不那么正式的同义说法。
Her sons，both of whom work abroad，ring her up every week．
她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，他们每周都给她打电话来。
（Both her sons work abroad，but they ring her up every week．）He went with a group of people，few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb．
他和一队人一起去了，其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。
（He went with a group of people；few of them…）
The buses，most of which were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd．
公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
（st of the buses were full，and/but they were surrounded by an angrycrowd．）
I met the fruit-pickers，several of whom were university students．
我遇到了摘水果的人们，其中有几个人是大学生。
（I met the fruit-pickers；several of them were…）
I picked up the apples，some of which were badly bruised．
我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。
（I picked up the apples；some of them…）
The house was full of boys，ten of whom were his own grandchildren．
屋子里挤满了小男孩，其中有十个是他自己的孙辈。（The house was full of boys；ten of them…）
?
[Amber demo]
81 指物的非限定性关系从句
?
A 主格
用which，这里不用that：
That block，Which cost￡5 million to build，has been empty fof years．
那个街区，就是花费了500万英镑建起来的那个，已经空置了多年了。
The 8∶15 train，which is usually very punctual，was late today．
8点15分的列车通常是正点的，今天晚点了。
口语中往往可能这么说：
That block cost￡5 million to build and has been empty for years．
那个街区花费了500万英镑建成，已经空置了多年了。
This 8∶15 train is usually punctual，but It was late today．
8点15分的列车通常总是正点的，但是今天晚点了。
B 宾格
用which，这里不用that，而且which决不能省略：
She gave me this jumper，which she had knitted herself．
她送给我这件羊毛衫，这是她亲手织的。或：
She gave me this jumper；she had knitted it herself．These books，which you can get at any bookshop，will give you all the in- formation you need．
这几本书，你可以在任何书店买到的，会向你提供你所需要的一切资料。或：
These books will give you all the information you need．You can get them at any bookshop．
C 介词的宾语
介词位于which之前或者位于从句之后，但不那么正式：
Ashdown Forest，through which we’ll be driving，isn’t a forest any longer．
阿斯顿森林，我们即将驱车通过，已经不再是森林了。或：
Ashdown Forest，which we’ll be driving through，isn’t a forest any longer．
His house，for which he paid￡10，000，is now worth￡50，000．
他花了一万英镑买的房子，现在值五万英镑。或：
His house，which he paid￡10，000 for，is now…
D 与短语动词连用的which
像下面的短语动词look after，look forward to，put up with（参见第三十八章）都应被看做一个整体，即介词/副词不应与动词分开：
This machine，which I have looked after for twenty years，is still working perfectly．
这台机器我已经照管了20年，现在仍然没一点儿毛病。
Your inefficiency，which we have put up with far too long，is beginning to annoy our customers．
我们对你的不称职容忍得太久，而顾客也开始对此感到不满意了。
E 所有格
用whose或of which。
whose一般用来指动物和事物，of which可以用来指物，但是
除在很正式的英语中之外，比较罕见。
His house，whose windows were all broken，was a depressing sight．
他的房子窗户无一完好，一派令人心酸的景象。
The car，whose handbrake wasn’t very reliable，began to slide backwards．
那辆车的手闸不太可靠，车开始向后滑动。
?
[Amber demo]
82 连接性关系从句
?
连接性关系代词为who，whom，whose，which。逗号的用法跟非限定从句中的用法相同。连接性关系从句不修饰它们前面的名词，而是继续往下叙述。它们通常位于主要动词的宾语之后：
I told Peter，who said it wasn’t his business．
我告诉了彼得，他说这事与他无关。
或者位于介词+名词之后：
I threw the ball to Tom，who threw it to Ann．
我把球扔给汤姆，他又把球扔给安。
这些关系代词通常可以由and/but+he/she等取代：
I threw the ball to Tom and he threw it…
I told Peter，but he said…
所以，一个处于这个位置上的从句究竟是非限定性从句还是连接性从句有时很难区分。但学习者没有必要做出这种判断，因为这两种形式基本上是相同的。
下面就连接性关系从句再举若干例子：
He drank beer，which made him fat．相当于：
He drank beer，and it made him fat．
他喝啤酒，因此发胖了。
We went with Peter，whose car broke down before we were halfwaythere．相当于：
We went with Peter but his car broke down before we were halfway there．
我们和彼得一起去的，但是还没走到半路他的车子就抛了锚。
如第80节所述，可以用one/two等或few/several/some等+of＋whom/which结构：
I bought a dozen eggs，six of which broke when I dropped the box．
我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。
He introduced me to his boys，one of whom offered to go with me．
他把我介绍给他的男孩们，有一个男孩子自愿提出和我一起去。
The lorry crashed into a queue of people，several of whom had to have hospital treatment．
卡车冲进了一队人之中，其中有几个不得不住院治疗。
which也可以代表整个从句：
The clock struck thirteen，which made everyone laugh．
时钟敲了13下，这使大家都笑了起来。
H
大家都怀疑彼得，但结果证明他是无罪的。
但在口语中常见到非限定性关系从句出现在句中较后的位置，即在主要动词的宾语之后或介词+名词之后：
She wanted Tom，whom she liked，as a partner；but she got Jack，whom she didn’t like.
她想要她所喜欢的汤姆作为伴侣，可是却得到了她所不喜欢的杰克。
She introduced me to her husband，whom I hadn’t met before．
她把我介绍给她丈夫，我以前没见过他。
C 介词的宾语
用whom。
这个代词在句中不能省略，介词常常位于它之前：
Mr Jones，for whom I was working，was very generous about overtime payments．
琼斯先生，我当时给干活的那位，常是很慷慨地付给加班加点的报酬。
然而把介词移到从句之后也是可以的。这在口语中是非常普
遍的，此时who往往取代whom：
Mr Jones，who/whom I was working for，…
如果从句中含有一个表示时间或地点的短语，该短语要留在
从句之末：
Peter，with whom I played tennis on Sundays，was fitter than me．
彼得，星期天我常跟打网球的那位，身体比我健康。
这个句子可改为：
Peter，who/whom I played tennis with on Sundays，was fitter than me．
D 所有格
用 whose。
Ann，whose children are at school all day，is trying to get a job．
安的孩子们整天都在学校，所以她在想办法找份工作。
This is George，whose class you will be taking
这一位是乔治，你就要接他的课。
在口语中，很可能这么说：
Ann’s children are at school all day，so she…
This is George．You will be taking his class．
?
[Amber demo]
80 all，both，few，most，several，some
等+of＋whom/which
?
这种形式可以用于指人，也可用于指事物。见以下例句。括号中给出的是不那么正式的同义说法。
Her sons，both of whom work abroad，ring her up every week．
她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，他们每周都给她打电话来。
（Both her sons work abroad，but they ring her up every week．）He went with a group of people，few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb．
他和一队人一起去了，其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。
（He went with a group of people；few of them…）
The buses，most of which were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd．
公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
（st of the buses were full，and/but they were surrounded by an angrycrowd．）
I met the fruit-pickers，several of whom were university students．
我遇到了摘水果的人们，其中有几个人是大学生。
（I met the fruit-pickers；several of them were…）
I picked up the apples，some of which were badly bruised．
我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。
（I picked up the apples；some of them…）
The house was full of boys，ten of whom were his own grandchildren．
屋子里挤满了小男孩，其中有十个是他自己的孙辈。（The house was full of boys；ten of them…）
?
[Amber demo]
81 指物的非限定性关系从句
?
A 主格
用which，这里不用that：
That block，Which cost￡5 million to build，has been empty fof years．
那个街区，就是花费了500万英镑建起来的那个，已经空置了多年了。
The 8∶15 train，which is usually very punctual，was late today．
8点15分的列车通常是正点的，今天晚点了。
口语中往往可能这么说：
That block cost￡5 million to build and has been empty for years．
那个街区花费了500万英镑建成，已经空置了多年了。
This 8∶15 train is usually punctual，but It was late today．
8点15分的列车通常总是正点的，但是今天晚点了。
B 宾格
用which，这里不用that，而且which决不能省略：
She gave me this jumper，which she had knitted herself．
她送给我这件羊毛衫，这是她亲手织的。或：
She gave me this jumper；she had knitted it herself．These books，which you can get at any bookshop，will give you all the in- formation you need．
这几本书，你可以在任何书店买到的，会向你提供你所需要的一切资料。或：
These books will give you all the information you need．You can get them at any bookshop．
C 介词的宾语
介词位于which之前或者位于从句之后，但不那么正式：
Ashdown Forest，through which we’ll be driving，isn’t a forest any longer．
阿斯顿森林，我们即将驱车通过，已经不再是森林了。或：
Ashdown Forest，which we’ll be driving through，isn’t a forest any longer．
His house，for which he paid￡10，000，is now worth￡50，000．
他花了一万英镑买的房子，现在值五万英镑。或：
His house，which he paid￡10，000 for，is now…
D 与短语动词连用的which
像下面的短语动词look after，look forward to，put up with（参见第三十八章）都应被看做一个整体，即介词/副词不应与动词分开：
This machine，which I have looked after for twenty years，is still working perfectly．
这台机器我已经照管了20年，现在仍然没一点儿毛病。
Your inefficiency，which we have put up with far too long，is beginning to annoy our customers．
我们对你的不称职容忍得太久，而顾客也开始对此感到不满意了。
E 所有格
用whose或of which。
whose一般用来指动物和事物，of which可以用来指物，但是
除在很正式的英语中之外，比较罕见。
His house，whose windows were all broken，was a depressing sight．
他的房子窗户无一完好，一派令人心酸的景象。
The car，whose handbrake wasn’t very reliable，began to slide backwards．
那辆车的手闸不太可靠，车开始向后滑动。
?
[Amber demo]
82 连接性关系从句
?
连接性关系代词为who，whom，whose，which。逗号的用法跟非限定从句中的用法相同。连接性关系从句不修饰它们前面的名词，而是继续往下叙述。它们通常位于主要动词的宾语之后：
I told Peter，who said it wasn’t his business．
我告诉了彼得，他说这事与他无关。
或者位于介词+名词之后：
I threw the ball to Tom，who threw it to Ann．
我把球扔给汤姆，他又把球扔给安。
这些关系代词通常可以由and/but+he/she等取代：
I threw the ball to Tom and he threw it…
I told Peter，but he said…
所以，一个处于这个位置上的从句究竟是非限定性从句还是连接性从句有时很难区分。但学习者没有必要做出这种判断，因为这两种形式基本上是相同的。
下面就连接性关系从句再举若干例子：
He drank beer，which made him fat．相当于：
He drank beer，and it made him fat．
他喝啤酒，因此发胖了。
We went with Peter，whose car broke down before we were halfwaythere．相当于：
We went with Peter but his car broke down before we were halfway there．
我们和彼得一起去的，但是还没走到半路他的车子就抛了锚。
如第80节所述，可以用one/two等或few/several/some等+of＋whom/which结构：
I bought a dozen eggs，six of which broke when I dropped the box．
我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。
He introduced me to his boys，one of whom offered to go with me．
他把我介绍给他的男孩们，有一个男孩子自愿提出和我一起去。
The lorry crashed into a queue of people，several of whom had to have hospital treatment．
卡车冲进了一队人之中，其中有几个不得不住院治疗。
which也可以代表整个从句：
The clock struck thirteen，which made everyone laugh．
时钟敲了13下，这使大家都笑了起来。
H